Principles and Applications of Spectrum Analyzers

Spectrum analyzers are precision instruments used to measure the wavelength,
intensity, and composition of light waves. They are widely used in fields such
as materials science, environmental monitoring, and biomedicine. Their core
principle is to exploit the dispersion or interference of light to decompose
composite light into spectra of different wavelengths. A detector then analyzes
the intensity of each wavelength to determine the sample's composition or
physical properties.

Based on their operating principles, spectrum analyzers can be categorized as
absorption spectrometers, emission spectrometers, and Raman spectrometers.
Absorption spectrometers analyze a sample's composition by measuring its
absorption of specific wavelengths of light and are commonly used in chemical
testing and food safety. Emission spectrometers excite a sample to emit light
and then analyze the emission spectrum, making them suitable for metal element
detection. Raman spectrometers use scattered light to analyze molecular
structure and play an important role in biomedical and materials research.

Technological advancements, including the emergence of portable spectrometers
and intelligent analysis software, have made spectral analysis more efficient
and convenient, making it a crucial tool for scientific research and industrial
testing.

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